February 3: Exodus 7:14 – Exodus 9:35

The First Plague: Water Turned to Blood – Exodus 7:14–25

• God tells Moses that Pharaoh's heart is hardened, and that he is to go to Pharaoh in the morning when he is going out to the water. After meeting Pharaoh on the bank of the Nile, Moses is to take his staff and tell Pharaoh that since he has not let the Hebrew people go, God will turn the water of the river to blood. He is then to have Aaron stretch out his staff over the waterways of Egypt, and all the water in Egypt will turn to blood.
• Moses and Aaron do as instructed, and the Nile turns to blood. The fish all die, and the waters stink so that the Egyptians cannot drink from it.
• The Egyptian magicians do the same with their secret arts, and Pharaoh's heart is still hardened. The Egyptians dig along the Nile looking for water to drink but cannot find any.

The Second Plague: Frogs – Exodus 8

• God tells Moses to go to Pharaoh and again tell him to let the people go so they can serve Him, and that if he doesn't, He will plague the country with frogs. Moses then tells Aaron to stretch out his staff over the rivers, canals, and pools, and when he does, frogs cover the land. The Egyptian magicians do the same.
• Pharaoh summons Moses and Aaron and tells them to plead with God to make the plague of frogs stop and he will let the Hebrew people go. Moses tells Pharaoh to decide when the plague will stop, and Pharaoh says, "Tomorrow."
• Moses and Aaron leave Pharaoh, and Moses pleads with God to stop the plague. God does as Moses asks, and all the frogs die. The Egyptians gather the dead bodies into heaps, and the whole land stinks of them.
• Once the plague is over, Pharaoh hardens his heart again and refuses to let the people go.

The Third Plague: Gnats

• God tells Moses to have Aaron stretch out his staff and strike the dust of the earth and it will become gnats. Aaron does so, and gnats cover the land. The Egyptians magicians try to produce the gnats but cannot, so they tell Pharaoh that "This is the finger of God." (Exodus 8:19) 
• Pharaoh heart is still hardened.

The Fourth Plague: Flies

• God tells Moses to again go to Pharaoh as he is going out to the Nile, and to tell him to let the Hebrew people go so they can serve Him; if he does not, tomorrow God will plague the land with flies, except the land of Goshen where the people of Israel live. 
• The next day, all the land except for Goshen is covered with and ruined by flies. Pharaoh summons Moses and Aaron and tells them that their people can sacrifice to God within the land (in Egypt). Moses and Aaron reply that it would not be right for them to do so because their sacrifices would be an abomination to the Egyptians, and that they need to journey three days away to do so. Pharaoh agrees, but tells them they cannot travel that far to sacrifice. He asks Moses to plead with God to stop the flies.
• Moses leaves Pharaoh and pleads with God, and He removes the swarms from Egypt. Pharaoh again hardens his heart and refuses to let the people go.

The Fifth Plague: Egyptian Livestock Die – Exodus 9

• God tells Moses to again go to Pharaoh and tell him to let the Hebrew people go so they can serve Him; this time if Pharaoh refuses, God will plague the livestock of the Egyptians (but not the Hebrews) the next day. 
• The following day, all the livestock of the Egyptians die while the livestock of the Hebrews still live. Pharaoh's heart is still hardened, and he refuses to let the people go.

The Sixth Plague: Boils

• God tells Moses to take handfuls of soot from the kiln and throw it in the air in the sight of Pharaoh; it will become a fine dust and become boils breaking out on people and humans throughout the land. Moses and Aaron do as instructed, and boils afflict all the people of Egypt. 
• Pharaoh's magicians cannot stand before Moses because of the boils, but Pharaoh's heart is still hardened.

The Seventh Plague: Hail

• God tells Moses to present himself to Pharaoh early in the morning and tell him to let the Hebrew people go so that they can serve Him; this time He will send hail upon the land the next day, and people should shelter themselves and their livestock. (Those who fear the Lord shelter their slaves and livestock, while those who don't fear Him do not.) 
• The following day, God tells Moses to stretch out his hand toward heaven, and when he does, heavy hail falls along with "fire flashing" (thunder and lightning). The hail destroys every tree and plant in Egypt, but not in Goshen.
• Pharaoh summons Moses and Aaron, and tells Moses that he has been wrong and the Lord is in the right. He asks Moses to plead with God to stop the hail. Moses agrees, and God stops the rain, hail, and thunder and lightning.
• When it stops, Pharaoh hardens his heart again and refuses to let the people go.